Barriga de aluguel ainda não possui regulamentação no Brasil
Com o avanço da biotecnologia, a reprodução humana e técnicas de inseminação artificial chegaram para contemplar casais que desejavam ter filhos e estavam impedidos por problemas de saúde ou infertilidade.
Porém, a biotecnologia evolui de tal forma, que muitos conceitos mudaram com o tempo e deixaram de ser óbvios. Por exemplo, antes tínhamos dois pontos: gerar um filho com material genético dos pais na barriga da mãe, com reprodução assistida homóloga, ou ainda gerar um filho com material genético de um doador estranho ao casal, na barriga de sua mãe, que chamamos de reprodução assistida heteróloga. De um tempo para cá, essas duas técnicas também estão sendo praticadas em barriga substituta, ou a barriga de aluguel, termo mais conhecido pelas pessoas.
Por isso, é importante que os casais entendam o que constam (ou o que ainda não estão) nas nossas leis para seguir com seus planos. As relações de parentescos dos filhos concebidos por reprodução assistida, na constância do casamento, estão reguladas pelo Código Civil. Aplicando-se as mesmas regras no caso de casais homossexuais que contraíram o casamento civil e por força do artigo 226 da Constituição Federal, estendem-se os mesmos direitos para os casais que vivam em união estável.
Diante da falta de legislação específica sobre a reprodução assistida, o Conselho Federal de Medicina produziu uma resolução — Resolução CFM 1.957/10 — para orientar os médicos quanto às condutas a serem adotadas diante dos problemas decorrentes da prática da reprodução assistida, normatizando as condutas éticas a serem obedecidas nestes casos.
Dentre as normas orientadoras, destacamos as aplicadas à gestação de substituição, ou seja, doação temporária do útero, permitindo que as clínicas, centros ou serviços de reprodução humana possam usar técnicas de reprodução assistida para criarem a situação identificada como gestação de substituição, desde que exista um problema médico que impeça ou contraindique a gestação na doadora genética, ou então em caso de união homoafetiva.
Outra regra para usar as técnicas de reprodução é de que a doadora temporária do útero...
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