'Eleições abrem caminho para um Estado comunal'
Para historiadora e cientista política da Universidade Central da Venezuela, a situação da oposição está cada vez mais difícilMariana Timóteo da Costamariana.timoteo@oglobo.com.brSÃO PAULO Uma das principais intelectuais venezuelanas, Margarita López Maya rompeu com o chavismo após o presidente Hugo Chávez "acentuar seu projeto autoritário", em 2007. Por telefone, ela explica os riscos deste novo fortalecimento dos governistas nas urnas.O que explica esta vitória e o que representa o chavismo agora governar 20 dos 23 estados?O partido do governo realmente se fortaleceu. Acho que as pessoas deram um voto solidário a Chávez, um presente para o presidente. A compaixão, aliada à máquina estatal imbatível, que tem muito dinheiro para atrair eleitores com gastos sociais, mostrou-se muito eficaz. A vitória de Chávez em mais estados abre caminho para que a Venezuela vire um Estado comunal, cada vez menos democrático.A senhora defendia uma democracia mais participativa no passado, mas é bem crítica em relação às comunas chavistas. Por quê?Porque, do jeito que elas funcionam, ferem a Constituição, tiram a autonomia dos governos locais. Uma coisa é dar mais voz ao povo, outra é criar uma espécie de governo municipal paralelo - assim são as comunas. O que Chávez quer com elas é gerar um Estado verticalizado, subvertendo a gestão do Orçamento, alterando a balança dos gastos públicos. As comunas são um mecanismo para dar mais dinheiro aos aliados e dificultar a vida dos opositores.A oposição perdeu estados como Zulia, onde está o petróleo, Carabobo e Táchira. A que atribui isso...
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