Filósofo francês Michel Onfray faz série de conferências no Brasil
Fernando Eichenberg (eichenberg@oglobo.com.br)PARIS - O filósofo Michel Onfray é considerado um "elétron livre" no cenário intelectual francês contemporâneo, constantemente envolto em polêmicas por suas contestadas opiniões. Crítico do sistema acadêmico tradicional, fundou a Universidade Popular de Caen, em 2002, por um aprendizado livre e gratuito.Autodefinido como um socialista libertário, inimigo declarado das religiões, Onfray acredita na mudança do mundo sem a tomada do poder, via a práxis do "princípio de Gulliver" - a força e a união dos pequenos contra o poder dos grandes -; elege o hedonismo como uma arma contra a sociedade capitalista de consumo; aponta o fim próximo da civilização ocidental, e condena a popularização fácil de uma filosofia vendida em fascículos e manuais.De fértil produção intelectual, o pensador este ano lançou uma extensa biografia do filósofo Albert Camus ("A ordem libertária"), que terá o centenário de nascimento comemorado em 2013, e o livro "Tornar a razão popular", sobre a experiência da criação da Universidade Popular.Michel Onfray participa esta semana no Brasil do ciclo de palestras "Fronteiras do Pensamento": depois de se apresentar ontem em Florianópolis, ele fala nesta quarta-feira em São Paulo, na Sala São Paulo, Ã s 20h30min.O senhor menciona um Ocidente atingido por uma "formidável ressaca ontológica", um niilismo europeu numa civilização que desmorona, sem ética ou alternativas políticas. Vamos contra o muro?A civilização europeia viveu seu tempo, está na fase de expiração, os últimos estertores, últimos suspiros... É assim com todas as civilizações as quais, como sabemos ao menos desde Hegel, são mortais. Nossa civilização não vai contra o muro, mas para o túmulo - e isso é natural.Como o senhor avalia o embate entre a razão filosófica e a religião no mundo contemporâneo?A razão é sempre minoritária, e a religião sempre majoritária, pois a inteligência é mais rara do que a obediência. As pessoas preferem uma ficção que lhes dê segurança, uma lenda que lhes apazigue, histórias para crianças que lhes permitam dormir tranquilos, em vez de verdades que inquietam, certezas que angustiam. É por isto que a religião jamais desaparecerá do planeta, e porque os filósofos dignos deste nome serão sempre minoritários.A filosofia está hoje ameaçada?Não, ao contrário. Eu a vejo muito viva, muito forte, mas ela deve enfrentar uma oferta...
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