MARIA NEGRA APARECIDA
granderio@oglobo.com.brO Papa Francisco passa a manhã desta quarta-feira no santuário nacional de Aparecida. A liturgia da missa que celebrará gira em torno de três textos bíblicos "feministas", extraídos do "Livro de Ester" (5, 1b-2; 7, 2b-3) , do "Apocalipse" (12, 1 e 5 e 13a e 15-16a) e do "Evangelho de João" (2, 1-11).A escolha se explica por ser Aparecida um santuário mariano. Lembro um encontro de Comunidade Eclesial de Base, na periferia de São Paulo, quando Tadeu, mecânico, comunicou que não participaria da próxima reunião porque iria com a família a Aparecida. Houve quem torcesse o nariz e estranhasse um adepto da Teologia da Libertação frequentar um santuário de religiosidade popular. Tadeu não se fez de rogado: "Sou devoto de Nossa Senhora Aparecida porque ela é da cor de minha mãe, da minha, da minha mulher e de meus filhos."Tadeu fez uma leitura libertadora da padroeira do Brasil, cuja imagem foi encontrada no Rio Paraíba, em 1717, por três pescadores. Em uma sociedade escravocrata colonizada pelo reino de Portugal, no qual reis e rainhas eram todos brancos, disseminar a devoção a uma negra, rainha do céu, mãe de Deus, constituía uma forma de afirmar a dignidade das escravas vítimas da luxúria e da crueldade de seus senhores.Os poderosos procuraram se "apropriar" de Nossa Senhora Aparecida. A 8 de setembro de 1822, um dia após a independência, dom Pedro I a declarou "padroeira do Brasil". É curioso que o título tenha sido concedido pelo imperador, e não pela Igreja. E a 6 de novembro de 1888, a princesa Isabel ofertou à imagem a coroa de ouro cravejada de rubis e diamantes e o manto azul bordado em ouro e pedrarias.As autoridades eclesiásticas, que sempre relutam frente às devoções populares, apenas em 1894...
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